Every entry in the Annual Confidential Report of a public servant must be communicated to the employee if it adversely affects promotional prospects, regardless of its nomenclature. The dete..

The High Court's power to initiate disciplinary proceedings against a judicial officer is independent and absolute under Article 235 of the Constitution and Rule 9(2) of the Gujarat Civil Se..

Denial of salary for services rendered amounts to a violation of Article 21 and Article 23 of the Constitution. The right to livelihood is an integral component of the right to life under Ar..

In departmental inquiries, the standard of preponderance of probabilities does not permit a disciplinary authority to treat an unexplained bank transfer as conclusive proof of bribery withou..

A daughter of a railway employee who has obtained a customary divorce is a dependent under the applicable pension rules and is entitled to family pension. The absence of the daughter's name ..

Eligibility for compassionate appointment as a "widowed daughter-in-law" must be assessed with reference to the date of death of the government employee. A person who was neither a daughter-..

Contempt jurisdiction is confined to examining compliance with binding directions issued in the original proceedings. Courts exercising contempt jurisdiction cannot re-adjudicate issues alre..

Discharge at the pre-trial stage, for lack of evidence to even frame charges, places an accused on a better footing than acquittal after a full trial. Discharge signifies that no material ex..

Dismissal of an employee based solely on a handwriting expert's opinion, without affording opportunity to cross-examine the expert, violates principles of natural justice. Admission of the a..

A brother of a deceased employee does not fall within the definition of "family" for the purpose of family pension under Clause 5(s)(2) of the Pension Scheme, 1981. Entitlement to family pen..

Divergence in dates of birth across different educational documents does not constitute fraud or wilful misrepresentation unless deceit is strictly proven. Non-disclosure of an earlier certi..

Dearness allowance payable to serving employees and dearness relief payable to pensioners share a common object of neutralising the impact of inflation. Granting a higher rate of dearness al..