A Hindu marriage solemnised solely through execution of signatures on a non-judicial stamp paper, without customary rites and ceremonies, is a legal nullity under Sections 5 and 7 of the Hin..

Preventive detention under Section 3 of the Prevention of Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1988 is valid only when the activities of a detenue fall within t..

Inquiry under Section 202 of the CrPC (Section 225, BNSS) before issuing summons to an accused residing outside territorial jurisdiction is mandatory only for private complaints. Where a com..

Panchayats have no jurisdiction to settle criminal offences, particularly sexual offences against minors. A Sarpanch holds no judicial or magisterial authority. Under Sections 19 and 21 of t..

Under the Rajasthan Compassionate Appointment of Deceased Government Servant Rules, 1996, the status of a son as a "dependent" cannot be negated solely because his parents were divorced and ..

Forfeiture of security deposit without show-cause notice violates the principle of audi alteram partem. Where State action is arbitrary and carries adverse civil consequences, writ jurisdict..

Conviction in a murder conspiracy requires reliable evidence establishing the role of each accused beyond reasonable doubt. Where the prosecution fails to prove the specific role of an accus..

Reference to a person's profession, without more, does not constitute an offence under the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989. To attract Sections 3(1..

The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961, applies equally to contractual and permanent employees. Section 27 of the Act contains a non-obstante clause expressly overriding any inconsistent terms in c..

Mere use of words "Waqf" or "Mosque" in a title deed is not conclusive proof of public dedication. For a valid public Waqf, the founder must completely divest himself of ownership in favour ..

Regulation 51 of the Post Office Regulations, 2024, which treats mail addressed to a deceased person as unclaimed, must be read harmoniously with Regulation 65(1)(c), which permits delivery ..

Matrimonial cruelty under Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code is a continuing offence. Suffering of the victim does not end with a single isolated incident but persists as long as oppressi..